Ghaf-Specific microvm Hypervisor Options

microvm is the component defining a VM's launch services generated for systemd. It inputs a set of options mapped to the hypervisor command line call.

Nevertheless, it may happen that some hypervisor options are not supported by microvm. For example, adding specific devices. This document considers such cases.

Options Definitions

A VM is defined under Ghaf’s subdirectory microvmConfigurations/VM_NAME/default.nix, for example:

modules/virtualization/microvm/netvm.nix
https://github.com/tiiuae/ghaf/blob/main/modules/virtualization/microvm/netvm.nix

This file contains hypervisor’s options for running the VM. For each hypervisor there is a bunch of microvm’s defined options: https://astro.github.io/microvm.nix/options.html

The way they are processed can be found in corresponding .nix files (runners) in the astro/microvm.nix repository:

• crosvm.nix
• qemu.nix

The formula for setting hypervisor option is microvm.option = value;. For example:

microvm.mem = 512;
microvm.vcpu = 2;

Generated Hypervisor Start Commands

As a result of building the Ghaf tree, command lines for starting the VMs are generated. They reflect all parameters specified above—both those specified explicitly and defaults. They are located under the Ghaf’s /var/lib/microvms/ directory.

ls /var/lib/microvms/memsharevm-vm-debug/current/bin

microvm-balloon
microvm-console
microvm-run
microvm-shutdown

The command which starts the hypervisor is the microvm-run bash script. Here is a sample generated:

 #! /nix/store/96ky1zdkpq871h2dlk198fz0zvklr1dr-bash-5.1-p16/bin/bash -e
exec '/nix/store/zsf59dn5sak8pbq4l3g5kqp7adyv3fph-qemu-host-cpu-only-7.1.0/bin/qemu-system-x86_64' '-
name' 'memshare' '-M' 'microvm,accel=kvm:tcg,x-option-roms=off,isa-serial=off,pit=off,pic=off,rtc=off,
mem-merge=on' '-m' '2512' '-cpu' 'host' '-smp' '17' '-machine' 'virt,accel=kvm' '-nodefaults' '-no-
user-config' '-nographic' '-no-reboot' '-serial' 'null' '-device' 'virtio-serial-device' '-chardev'
'pty,id=con0' '-device' 'virtconsole,chardev=con0' '-chardev' 'stdio,mux=on,id=con1,signal=off' '-
device' 'virtconsole,chardev=con1' '-device' 'virtio-rng-device' '-drive' 'id=root,format=raw,
media=cdrom,file=/nix/store/xnnqb3sb1l4kbx7s0ijazph5r0c0xhx5-rootfs.squashfs,if=none,aio=io_uring' '-
device' 'virtio-blk-device,drive=root' '-kernel' '/nix/store/ds5cmyby0p4ikw91afmrzihkz351kls7-linux-
6.2/bzImage' '-append' 'console=hvc1 console=hvc0 reboot=t panic=-1 root=/dev/vda ro init=/init
devtmpfs.mount=0 stage2init=/nix/store/0mbhpna8hplbsaz1il3n99f0zincr4vs-nixos-system-memshare-
22.11.20230310.824f886/init boot.panic_on_fail loglevel=4 regInfo=/nix/store
/j8id92qsd58qjnzq4xz6v5l38rlpq6is-closure-info/registration' '-sandbox' 'on' '-qmp' 'unix:memshare.
sock,server,nowait' '-device' 'virtio-balloon' '--option 1 --option 2'

for the input parameters:

microvm.hypervisor = "qemu";

Note that microvm sets several others.

microvm.mem = 2000;
microvm.balloonMem = 512;
microvm.vcpu = 17;
microvm.qemu.extraArgs = [ "--option 1 --option 2" ];

Adding Option to Hypervisor Command Line

microvm may not supply parameters for all possible options as adding specific devices. Processing of all microvm configuration options is done in the mentioned above hypervisor’s runner .nix file.

The runners support the extraArgs parameter. It allows setting any option in QEMU command line invocation. Its value is a list of strings.

In this example the following extraArgs definition:

microvm.qemu.extraArgs = [
"-object memory-backend-file,id=mem1,mem-path=/dev/shm/virtio_pmem.img"
"-device virtio-pmem-pci,memdev=mem1,id=nv1"
];

results in the generated command line parameters:

'-object memory-backend-file,id=mem1,mem-path=/dev/shm/virtio_pmem.img' '-device v
irtio-pmem-pci,memdev=mem1,id=nv1'